Caspian Journal of Dental Research

Ameloblastic fibroma is a relatively rare benign odontogenic tumor with two neoplastic components both epithelial and ectomesenchymal. A 10-year-old girl was referred to a dentist for routine dental treatments for evaluation of the distance between mandibular right first permanent molar and mandibular right second deciduous molar and it was associated with an undesirable backward movement of erupted mandibular right first permanent molar and forward movement of mandibular right second deciduous molar. The lesion was enucleated and the material was sent for histopathologic examination. Microscopically, it was composed of neoplastic proliferation of odontogenic epithelium consisted of cords and islands in a cell-rich mesenchymal stroma, with histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastic fibroma. After 24 months of follow-up, no recurrence was observed and the mandibular right first molar was spontaneously aligned. Early diagnosis and proper management will prevent comprehensive orthodontic treatment.