1 2251-9890 Babol University of Medical Sciences 225 Endodontics Effect of different torques on dentinal crack formation following canal preparation using neoniti rotary system Saeidi Akam b Hamidi Mahmoodreza c Harandi Azadeh d Habibolahpour Mina e Gholinia Hemmat f b ,Dental Materials Researh Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. c ,Dental Materials Researh Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. d ,Dental Materials Researh Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. e ,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences,Babol, IR Iran. f ,Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Scienses, Babol, IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 8 13 07 08 2017 31 10 2017 Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of dentinal cracks in the  mesial root of maxillary molar during canal preparation using Neoniti system in different torque settings. Materials &Methods: In this in-vitro study, 60 maxillary molars extracted for various reasons were selected. The teeth were divided into 4 groups: one group(n=15) without preparation was considered as a control group (unprepared control group), the other 3 groups prepared with rotary neoniti system: group with standard torque (1.5 N/CM2)(n=15), group with high torque (2N/CM2)(n=15), and group with low torque (1N /CM2)(n=15). After a canal preparation procedure, the teeth were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. All sections were examined for determining the presence of cracks using a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: There was no crack in the control group. The number of cracks was significantly higher in the high-torque group (80%) than standard- and low-torque groups (20%, 26.7%, respectively) (p<0.001). However, no significant difference was found between the standard-torque group and low-torque group (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to this study result, to avoid crack formation in higher torques using motors with torque control option is suggested.
221 Periodontics The effect of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in the treatment of periodontal three-walled intrabony defects Bojarpour Maryam g Jenabian Niloofar h Haghanifar Sina i Khafri Soraya j g ,Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. h ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Periodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. i ,Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. j , Department of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 14 20 08 07 2017 07 01 2018 Introduction: The aim of periodontal treatment is to regenerate periodontium. Regenerative treatments include the use of plasma that is rich in growth factors (PRGF). Materials & Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 20 three-walled intrabony defects from five patients with moderate periodontitis were randomly assigned to three groups. Patients in the control group underwent debridement of lesions. In the first treatment group, the defects were debrided and cenomembrane was applied. The third group was treated with debridement, PRGF and cenomembrane. Measures of vertical probing depth (VPD), vertical clinical attachment level (VCAL), gingival index (GI; Sinless and Loe) and radiographic index (by digital subtraction) were made preoperatively and 6 months post-surgery. Wilcoxon signed-ranks and Chi-square tests were used for analyzing quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Results: All three groups showed improvements in all measures except GI. Intra-group comparison for clinical attachment level (CAL) indicated significant difference in all groups before and after surgery (P<0.05); there was no correlation in CAL among groups before surgery Intra-group comparison demonstrated significant differences in all three groups before and after surgery (P<0.001). A statistically significant difference was found in radiographic indices among the groups post-surgery (P=0.009). Conclusion: The use of PRGF was associated with improvements in all parameters but not for GI. 216 Periodontics The comparison of papilla preservation technique and semilunar incision with sub- epithelial connective tissue graft in dark triangle treatment Jenabian Niloofar k Rahimi Rad Morteza l Bijani Ali m Ghahari Pasha n k ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Periodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. l ,Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. m ,Non -Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. n ,Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 21 26 22 04 2017 11 12 2017 Introduction: Ability to reconstruct the papilla in anterior maxilla is important aspect of perio-plastic surgery. In most articles, connective tissue is used with different designs of incisions. The aim of this study was to use sub-epithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) with two types of incisions called papilla preservation and semilunar. Materials & Methods: This basic randomized clinical study was performed on 10 sites in two patients. The patients were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Papilla preservation and semilunar techniques were performed on four and six sites, respectively in the anterior maxilla. In both techniques SCTG was  gained from palate .The apico-coronal and mesiodistal changes of the dark triangles were measured after 3 and 6 months. Landry(Healing) index was measured after 14 days and one month,Visual Analogue Scale (Esthetic) index was estimated in 3 and 6 month after surgery and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS ) index was  analysed as well . Data were analysed using SPSS. Mann- Whitney, Wilcoxon and Paired t- Test were measured. Results: Mean±SD of mesiodistal distance in the time of surgery was 2.00±0.000 in semilunar and 2.1±0.629 in papilla preservation technique whereas after 3 months, it was 1.33±0.016 and 1.37±0.478 for semilunar and papilla preservation, respectively and after 6 month was 1.00±0.000 for semilunar and 1.25±0.500 for papilla preservation. Mean±SD of apicocornal changes by semilunar incision in the time of surgery ,3 month after and 6 months later was 2.67±0.516 ,2.25±0.612and1.91±0.204 whereas by papilla preservation was 2.50±0.577,2.25±0.500 and 2±0.000, respectively. Conclusion: Both techniques had positive effect on papilla reconstruction and the outcome was the same in both groups. 228 Endodontics A cone-beam computed tomography study of apical and mental foramen’s location in mandibular premolars Harandi Azadeh o Moudi Ehsan p Gholinia Hemmat Akbarnezhad Mehdi o , Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Endodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. p , Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. , Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. ,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 27 36 23 09 2017 16 12 2017 Introduction: Knowledge of the internal anatomy of the tooth, apical foramen (AF) and mental foramen (MF) is considered a basic prerequisite before root canal surgical and non-surgical treatments. The aim this study is evaluation the distance and situation of AF & MF to anatomic apex of mandibular  premolar. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of mandibular premolars from 240 patients with a minimum age of 20 years were evaluated. The location and distance of the MF and AF from the anatomical apex in mandibular premolars were investigated. The information was compared in both genders and both sides of mandible, and analyzed using ANOVA, Chi-Square and T-Test. Results: In the right quadrant, the mean distance from AF to the anatomic apex in the first premolars was higher than the second ones (p=0.02). There was a significant difference among the mean distances from AF to the anatomic apex in various positions of the AF in both quadrants. The MF was closer to the second premolars in both sides (p<0.00). No significant difference was observed between two genders  and two sides of the jaw. Conclusion: possibility of lateral extrusion of canals in the mandibular premolars , the use of the auxiliary devices such as apex locator is useful. According to different place of MF,it’s necessary to pay attention to this position during the periapical surgeries in the mandibular premolars, specially in second premolar. 229 Endodontics Comparison of antibacterial effect of methanolic and hydro-alcoholic ziziphus spina-christi extract with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite on enterococcus faecalis: an in vitro study Saeidi Akam Hamidi Mahmoud Reza Davoodabadi Abolfazl Mahmoudi Elham Khafri Soraya Nikouee Rad Zahra ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Endodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. , Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. ,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences,Babol,IR Iran. ,Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. ,Department of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. ,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 37 42 25 09 2017 02 01 2018 Introduction: Root treatment will not be successful, without a proper root canal irrigation with less disadvantages and antibacterial effect. The aim of this study was to compare antimicrobial effect of cedar extract and 2.5%NaOCl on E. faecalis. Materials & Methods: In disk diffusion test, a standard suspension of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was cultured on plate and different concentrations (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 g/ml) of methanolic or hydro-alcoholic extracts, 2.5% NaOCl and physiologic serum (as negative control) were infused on paper disks. The inhibition zone measured after 48h. In microdilution test, serial dilution of methanolic and hydro-alcoholic extracts, 2.5% NaOCl and physiologic serum in 1:2 proportion was performed in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) culture medium. Then, standard suspension of E. faecalis was added to each well of micro plate. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results: Hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts had antibacterial effect on E. faecalis. Inhibition zone of 2.5% NaOCl was significantly higher than that of other extracts (p<0.001). In microdilution test, E. faecalis bacterium was sensitive to both hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts but it was more sensitive to 2.5% NaOCl. Conclusion: Totally, 2.5% NaOCl had the highest antibacterial effect on E.faecalis followed by hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts. NaOCl is an effective irrigant in root treatment until the studies like this can find a good alternative for it. 231 Orthodontics The effect of fixed orthodontic treatment with first premolar extraction on mandibular third molars angulation and retromolar space Sheikhzadeh Sedigheh Geramy Allahyar Rahmati Kamel Manouchehr Ghasemi Tania Gholinia Hemmat ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran. , Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. ,Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. ,Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. ,Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 43 48 20 10 2017 28 02 2018 Introduction: In most orthodontic patients, mandibular 3rd molars are in early stages of calcification, and prediction of eruption status would be difficult during the course of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of first premolar extraction with moderate anchorage on angular changes of third mandibular molar after orthodontic treatment. Materials & Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 50 skeletal class I patients with normal facial height were selected. The patients were divided into two groups of extraction and non-extraction treatments. The angle between 2nd and 3rd molars and 3rd molar angle to mandibular plane were evaluated. Space for eruption of 3rd molar and 3rd molar position relative to ramus were evaluated with regard to Pell and Gregory classification. Paired T-test was used to compare the changes after treatments. Results: In both groups, 3rd molar angle relative to mandibular plane was increased after the treatment but the difference was not significant. M2-M3 angle changed during the treatments but it was not significant (P>0.05). The retromolar space had significantly higher amounts in extraction groups after the treatment (P<0.001). In non-extraction group, there was significant increase in stage I of Pell and Gregory classification (P<0.001). In extraction group, counts of patients with no space for eruption of M3M were decreased and the difference was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Extraction of premolars did not have any significant positive effect on mandibular 3rd molar angulation but it can increase the posterior space for eruption of wisdom teeth. 239 Orthodontics Evaluation of expectation of patients and their parents from orthodontic treatment in babol in 2016-2017 Mirzaie Maysam Naghibi Sistani Mohammad Mehdi Arash Valiollah Miar Azin Rahmari Kamel Manouchehr ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Orthodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. ,Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Community Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Orthodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. ,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. ,Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Orthodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 49 57 03 02 2018 12 03 2018 Introduction: The aim of this study was to recognize and investigate the expectations of patients and their parents from orthodontic treatment in order to increase the satisfaction from treatment outcome and enhance the patients’ cooperation in Babol in 2017. Materials & Methods: Totally, 200 people (100 patients aged 12-18 with one of their parents) who were attending for their first orthodontic treatment session participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire which was translated by Forward-Backward method from English to Persian language. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 through descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results: The most important expectations of patients and their parents from the first appointment of orthodontic treatment were check -up, diagnosis, discussion about treatment, and oral hygiene checking. Patients’ expectations from first appointment were higher than their parents in “brace being fitted” (p=0.001), lower in “have a discussion about treatment plan” (p=0.006), “have x-rays” (p=0.003), and “have oral hygiene checked” (p=0.03). The highest expectation of patients as well as their parents from the type of orthodontic treatment was fixed braces. The main expectation of patients and parents from orthodontic treatment was the demand for straightening teeth and improving aesthetics. Conclusion: Parents than patients had more reasonable expectations from the first appointment of orthodontic treatment. Parents had higher expectations from orthodontic treatment benefits. Age and gender did not have significant effect on the type and level of expectations of parents and patients. 232 Endodontics Evaluation of mandibular premolars root canal morphology by cone beam computed tomography Zare Jahromi Maryam Mehdizade Mozhde Shirazizade Zahra Poursaeid Elmira ,Department of Endodontics, Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch,Isfahan,IR Iran. ,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,IR Iran. ---------- ,Department of Endodontics, Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan,IR Iran. 1 3 2018 7 1 58 63 23 10 2017 11 04 2018 Introduction: To achieve a successful endodontic treatment, the clinician has to identify the different canal configurations.mandibular premolars have the wide variety of root canal morphology and they are known as the most difficult teeth to treat in endodontics.CBCT  provides a non-invasive 3D confirmatory diagnosis as a complement to conventional radiography.The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology inmandibular premolars using CBCT technology. Materials & Methods: A total of 114 cone-beam computed tomographic images including 228 mandibular first premolars and 228 mandibular second premolars with fully developed roots, were investigated.The CBCT images were collected from private oral and maxillofacial radiology centers in Isfahan, were examined in axial section and the information of each tooth was recorded by three examiners. Then, the data were analyzed by computer analysis such as; t-test, McNamara, chi-square test. Results: Of the first premolars 89.56% had a single canal and 10.09% had two canals and 0.44% was C shaped. Of the second premolars 97.37% had one canal and 2.19% had two canals. None of mandibular premolars had three canals and just one C-shaped canal was observed (0.44 %). There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of the diversity of canals and gender. Conclusion: In this study, most of the mandibular premolars had single canal and first mandibular premolars were five times more likely to have two canals than second premolars.